{"id":373,"date":"2021-12-07T17:33:04","date_gmt":"2021-12-07T14:33:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/?p=373"},"modified":"2021-12-07T17:33:04","modified_gmt":"2021-12-07T14:33:04","slug":"singapurda-sakiz-cignemek-neden-yasak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/singapurda-sakiz-cignemek-neden-yasak\/","title":{"rendered":"Singapur&#8217;da sak\u0131z \u00e7i\u011fnemek neden yasak?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Singapur kusursuz temizli\u011fi ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck su\u00e7 oran\u0131yla bilinir. \u00dclke, g\u00fcvende olma konusunda o kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u00fcne sahip ki, yetkililer \u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fck su\u00e7 su\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez\u201d \u015feklinde bir uyar\u0131da bulunmak ve insanlara uyan\u0131k kalmalar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatmak zorunda kald\u0131. Ancak, \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fczel \u015feyde oldu\u011fu gibi, \u00fclkenin temizli\u011fine ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine duydu\u011fu y\u00fcksek itibar\u0131n bir bedeli vard\u0131r. Singapur\u2019a bazen \u201cThe Fine City \u2013 Cezalar \u015eehri\u201d denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"singapurda-sakiz-cigneme-ve-bulundurma-neden-yasaklandi\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Singapur\u2019da sak\u0131z \u00e7i\u011fneme ve bulundurma neden yasakland\u0131?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Singapur\u2019da sak\u0131z \u00e7i\u011fnemek yasak, bu y\u00fczden Singapur\u2019a gitti\u011finizde \u00e7antalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yan\u0131n\u0131za almadan \u00f6nce iyi kontrol edin ve sak\u0131z\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 evde b\u0131rak\u0131n. Muhtemelen \u00fclkeye giri\u015fte kontrol edilece\u011fi i\u00e7in sak\u0131z\u0131n\u0131z da olmayacakt\u0131r ama her ihtimale kar\u015f\u0131 dikkat etmekte fayda var. Ticaret ama\u00e7l\u0131 olmasa bile \u00fclkeye sak\u0131z ithalat\u0131 yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Mevcut d\u00fczenlemeler, ki\u015fisel kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in sak\u0131z ta\u015f\u0131maya ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlere sahip de\u011fildir. Sak\u0131z\u0131n uygun olmayan \u015fekilde imha edilmesi ve yasaklanm\u0131\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, su\u00e7lular i\u00e7in 1000 dolara kadar a\u011f\u0131r bir para cezas\u0131na mal olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>30 Aral\u0131k 1991\u2019de \u00c7evre Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (ENV), yasa\u011f\u0131n \u00f6ncelikle sak\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6p\u00fcn\u00fcn toplu h\u0131zl\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015f (MRT) trenlerinin d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 bozdu\u011fu i\u00e7in uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir bildiri yay\u0131nlad\u0131. 1991 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Temmuz ve A\u011fustos aylar\u0131nda MRT tren kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015fan sak\u0131z, kap\u0131lar tam olarak kapanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in trenlerin durmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bu iki olay, yolcular\u0131n tren tekrar hareket etmeden \u00f6nce inmek zorunda kalmas\u0131yla tren aksamalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. [<a href=\"https:\/\/eresources.nlb.gov.sg\/newspapers\/Digitised\/Article\/straitstimes19911231-1.2.2\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">k<\/a>] Kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sak\u0131zlar\u0131n dikkatsizce at\u0131lmas\u0131, sinema ve toplu konut gibi halka a\u00e7\u0131k alanlarda da temizlik sorunlar\u0131 yarat\u0131yordu. [<a href=\"https:\/\/eresources.nlb.gov.sg\/newspapers\/Digitised\/Article\/straitstimes19911231-1.2.2\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">k<\/a>]\n\n\n\n<p>Y\u00fcksek katl\u0131 konutlardaki bak\u0131m sorunlar\u0131ndan (anahtar deliklerine, posta kutular\u0131na ve asans\u00f6r d\u00fc\u011fmelerine sak\u0131z s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131) kaynaklanan sak\u0131zlar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir \u00f6neri uzun s\u00fcredir y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcktedir. Halk otob\u00fcslerinin koltuklar\u0131nda, halka a\u00e7\u0131k alanlarda kald\u0131r\u0131mlarda, merdivenlerde ve zeminlerde b\u0131rak\u0131lan \u00e7i\u011fnenmi\u015f sak\u0131zlar da ciddi problemler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sak\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6p\u00fcn\u00fcn yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda tespit edilmi\u015f ve d\u00f6nemin D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakan\u0131 S. Dhanabalan taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme getirilmi\u015fti . O y\u0131l, \u0130sk\u00e2n ve Kalk\u0131nma Kurulu\u2019nun (HDB) , sak\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6plerinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 pisli\u011fi temizlemek i\u00e7in y\u0131lda 150.000 S$ ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirildi. [<a href=\"https:\/\/eresources.nlb.gov.sg\/newspapers\/Digitised\/Article\/straitstimes19831121-1.2.33\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">k<\/a>]\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00fck\u00fcmet, sak\u0131z\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu sorunlarla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in Singapur Yay\u0131n Kurumu\u2019na (\u015fimdi MediaCorp olarak bilinir) sak\u0131z\u0131 tan\u0131tan reklamlar\u0131 yay\u0131nlamay\u0131 durdurma talimat\u0131 vermi\u015fti. O zamana kadar, okul tamircilerine sak\u0131z satmay\u0131 b\u0131rakmalar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmi\u015fti. [<a href=\"https:\/\/eresources.nlb.gov.sg\/newspapers\/Digitised\/Article\/straitstimes19831121-1.2.33\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">k<\/a>] O d\u00f6nemde sak\u0131z yasa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olsa da, sak\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6p\u00fc nedeniyle trenin aksad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1992 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar herhangi bir i\u015flem yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yasaklama projesi, \u00fclkede hayata ge\u00e7irilen en b\u00fcy\u00fck kamu projesi olmas\u0131yla birlikte y\u00fcksek beklentileri de beraberinde getirdi. Baz\u0131 sayg\u0131s\u0131z ve kamusal alana zarar veren ki\u015filer MRT trenlerinin kap\u0131 sens\u00f6rlerine sak\u0131z yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle ar\u0131zalara ve hizmetlerin aksamas\u0131na neden olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, barda\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ran son damla oldu. Sak\u0131z yasa\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131 ve sonunda yasala\u015ft\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"yasagi-ihlal-etmenin-cezalari\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yasa\u011f\u0131 ihlal etmenin cezalar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yasa\u011f\u0131n ihlaline ili\u015fkin cezalar, sak\u0131z satmaktan su\u00e7lu bulunanlara 2.000 S$\u2019a kadar para cezas\u0131 verilirken, sak\u0131z ithal etmekten h\u00fck\u00fcm giyen herkes 10.000 S$\u2019a kadar para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lacak veya bu ilkse bir y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131. -zaman su\u00e7u. \u0130kinci ve sonraki mahkumiyetler i\u00e7in, 20.000 S$\u2019a kadar para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131labilir veya iki y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131labilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yasaktan iki hafta sonra, ENV memurlar\u0131, ma\u011faza sahiplerine sak\u0131z sergilemelerini durdurmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in 2.000\u2019den fazla bildirimde bulundu. Bu iki hafta i\u00e7inde ENV, piyasa de\u011feri 900.000 S$ olan be\u015f milyondan fazla paket sak\u0131za da el koymu\u015ftu. Bakanl\u0131k ayr\u0131ca, durdurma uyar\u0131lar\u0131na ra\u011fmen sak\u0131z satan be\u015f erzak d\u00fckkan\u0131na da tebligat yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"sakiz-cigneme-yasagina-karsi-halkin-tepkisi\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sak\u0131z \u00e7i\u011fneme yasa\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 halk\u0131n tepkisi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Halk sak\u0131z \u00e7i\u011fneme yasa\u011f\u0131na ayn\u0131 tepkiyi vermedi bu konuda ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc. Singapur T\u00fcketiciler Birli\u011fi (CASE), temizli\u011fi art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 ve sak\u0131z \u00e7i\u011fneyen az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n haklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde sak\u0131z t\u00fcketmeyen \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun haklar\u0131n\u0131 destekledi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle yasa\u011f\u0131 tam olarak destekledi\u011fini ifade etti. Yasa\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer destek\u00e7ileri de benzer gerek\u00e7eler \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yasa\u011f\u0131 ele\u015ftirenler, bunun \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir \u00f6nlem oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcler ve sak\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 uygun \u015fekilde atmayanlara daha a\u011f\u0131r para cezalar\u0131 verilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bunun yerine daha yo\u011fun halk e\u011fitimi \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Baz\u0131 ele\u015ftirmenler bunu Singapurlular\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin ihlali olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"yasagin-ulke-ve-topluma-etkisi\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yasa\u011f\u0131n \u00fclke ve topluma etkisi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ma\u011faza sahipleri , o d\u00f6nemde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Singapur para birimi ve y\u00fcksek ithalat vergileri nedeniyle yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na satamayacaklar\u0131 veya ihra\u00e7 edemeyecekleri sak\u0131z stoklar\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yasa\u011f\u0131 be\u011fenmediler. Bununla birlikte, yasak, sak\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6p vakalar\u0131n\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltmak i\u00e7in istenen etkiye sahipti. 1992 yasa\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce g\u00fcnde 525 vakadan \u015eubat 1993\u2019te g\u00fcnde iki vakaya d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belediye meclisi kald\u0131r\u0131mlara, asans\u00f6r zeminlerine ve halka a\u00e7\u0131k banklara \u00e7\u00f6p atma konusunda ciddi bir azalma oldu\u011funu bildirdi. Sak\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6p\u00fc de asans\u00f6r kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131. Bedok Belediye Meclisi ayr\u0131ca temizlik maliyetlerinde tasarruf sa\u011flarken, \u015eehir Merkezi Belediye Meclisi sak\u0131z lekelerini temizlemek i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 su jeti sat\u0131n alma fikrinden kurtularak tasarruf sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Singapur&#8217;da sak\u0131z \u00e7i\u011fnemek yasak, bu y\u00fczden Singapur&#8217;a gitti\u011finizde \u00e7antalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yan\u0131n\u0131za almadan \u00f6nce iyi kontrol edin ve sak\u0131z\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 evde b\u0131rak\u0131n. Muhtemelen \u00fclkeye giri\u015fte kontrol edilece\u011fi i\u00e7in sak\u0131z\u0131n\u0131z da olmayacakt\u0131r ama her ihtimale kar\u015f\u0131 dikkat etmekte fayda var. Ticaret ama\u00e7l\u0131 olmasa bile \u00fclkeye sak\u0131z ithalat\u0131 yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. \n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":374,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,23],"tags":[37],"class_list":{"0":"post-373","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-genel","8":"category-seyahat-ve-gezi","9":"tag-seyahat-ve-gezi"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/373","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=373"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/373\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/374"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=373"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=373"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=373"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}