{"id":39,"date":"2020-11-01T14:55:37","date_gmt":"2020-11-01T11:55:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.istihbarat.club\/2020\/11\/01\/deprem-aninda-ne-yapmaliyiz\/"},"modified":"2021-03-29T20:10:12","modified_gmt":"2021-03-29T17:10:12","slug":"deprem-aninda-ne-yapmaliyiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/deprem-aninda-ne-yapmaliyiz\/","title":{"rendered":"Deprem an\u0131nda ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131z?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>DEPREM ANINDA. . .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ad\u0131m Doug Copp. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en tecr\u00fcbeli kurtarma birimi Amerikan Uluslararas\u0131 Kurtarma ekibinin Kurtarma \u015fefi ve afet olaylar\u0131 m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcm. Bu makaledeki bilgiler bir deprem an\u0131nda hayat kurtaracakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130\u00e7inde 20 maket (mannequis) olan bir okulu ve evi y\u0131kt\u0131k. On maket \u2018\u00e7\u00f6mel ve korun\u2019 metodunu uygularken, 10 maket \u2018hayat \u00fc\u00e7geni\u2019 metodumu uygulad\u0131. Tasarlanm\u0131\u015f y\u0131k\u0131mdan sonra g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri filme almak ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 belgelemek i\u00e7in enkaz\u0131 ge\u00e7ip binaya girdik. Bina y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131nda olu\u015fabilecek \u015fartlar dahilinde direct olarak g\u00f6zlemlenebilen ve bilimsel \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda hayatta kalma tekniklerimi uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m film \u2018\u00e7\u00f6melip korunan\/saklanan\u2019 ki\u015filer i\u00e7in hayatta kalma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hayat \u00fc\u00e7geni metodumu kullananlar i\u00e7in hayatta kalabilme \u015fans\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak % 100 oldu. Bu film T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n geri kalan k\u0131sm\u0131nda milyonlarca izleyici taraf\u0131ndan izlendi. Bu film ABD, Kanada ve G\u00fcney Amerikada RealTV program\u0131nda izlendi. Enkaz\u0131na girdi\u011fim ilk bina 1985 Mexico City depreminde bir okuldu. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ocuklar s\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndayd\u0131. Her bir \u00e7ocuk kemiklerinin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kadar ezilmi\u015flerdi. S\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131ndaki koridorlara uzanm\u0131\u015f olsalard\u0131 hayatta kalm\u0131\u015f olabilirlerdi. Bu \u2018ay\u0131pt\u0131, gereksizdi\u2019 ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n neden koridorlarda (s\u0131ralar\u0131n aras\u0131nda) olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 merak ettim. O an, \u00e7ocuklara bir \u015feyin\/e\u015fyan\u0131n alt\u0131na saklanmalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6ylendi\u011fini bilmiyordum. Basit\u00e7e ifade edilirse, binalar y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131rken, objelerin \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen tavan a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya i\u00e7erideki mobilyalar bu nesnelere \u00e7arparken yanlar\u0131nda bir yer, bo\u015fluk b\u0131rak\u0131rlar. Bu bo\u015fluk benim \u2018hayat \u00fc\u00e7geni\u2019 dedi\u011fim aland\u0131r. Nesne ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck ve ne kadar dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olursa daha az ezilecektir. Nesneler ne kadar az ezilirse bo\u015fluk ve bu bo\u015flu\u011fu kullanan ki\u015finin yaralanmama olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 o kadar artar. Bir dahaki sefere televizyonda y\u0131k\u0131lan bina izlerken g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7genleri say. Her yerdeler. Y\u0131k\u0131lan bir binada g\u00f6rece\u011finiz en yayg\u0131n bi\u00e7imdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large kg-card kg-image-card is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"450\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.istihbarat.club\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/DPREM3GEN.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-110 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/DPREM3GEN.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/DPREM3GEN-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/DPREM3GEN-768x346.jpg 768w, https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/DPREM3GEN-800x360.jpg 800w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1000\/450;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"deprem-sirasinda-ne-yapab-l-r-z\"><span id=\"deprem-sirasinda-ne-yapabiliriz\"><strong>DEPREM SIRASINDA NE YAPAB\u0130L\u0130R\u0130Z ?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DOUG COPP\u2019UN \u00d6NER\u0130LER\u0130<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1) \u2018Binalar \u00e7\u00f6kerken basit\u00e7e \u2018\u00e7\u00f6melen ve korunan\u2019 ki\u015filer istisnas\u0131z her defas\u0131nda ezilerek \u00f6l\u00fcyorlar. Masa, araba gibi nesnelerin alt\u0131na giren ki\u015filer her zaman ezilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2) Kediler, k\u00f6pekler ve bebeklerin hepsi do\u011fal bir \u015fekilde dizlerini ana rahmindeki gibi kar\u0131nlar\u0131na do\u011fru \u00e7ekerek k\u0131vr\u0131l\u0131rlar. Deprem an\u0131nda sizde bu \u015fekilde k\u0131vr\u0131lmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Bu do\u011fal bir g\u00fcvenlik ve hayatta kalma i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir bo\u015flukta hayatta kalabilirsiniz. Hafif\u00e7e ezilecek ama yan\u0131nda bo\u015fluk yaratacak bir kanepenin, geni\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir e\u015fyan\u0131n yan\u0131nda dur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3) Ah\u015fap evler deprem an\u0131ndaki en g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131lard\u0131r. Sebebi basittir; ah\u015fap esnektir ve depremin zorlamas\u0131yla hareket eder. E\u011fer ah\u015fap bina \u00e7\u00f6kerse geni\u015f ya\u015fam bo\u015fluklar\u0131 olu\u015fur. Ayr\u0131ca, ah\u015fap binalar daha az yo\u011funlukta y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahiptir. Tu\u011fla binalar ayr\u0131 tu\u011fla par\u00e7alar\u0131na ayr\u0131lacaklard\u0131r. Tu\u011flalar bir \u00e7ok yaralanmalara sebep olacakt\u0131r, ama (beton)bloklardan daha az ezilmi\u015f v\u00fccutlar yarat\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4) E\u011fer gece yataktayken deprem olursa, basitce yuvarlanarak yataktan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn. Yata\u011f\u0131n \u00e7evresinde g\u00fcvenli bir bo\u015fluk olu\u015facakt\u0131r. Oteller m\u00fc\u015fterilerine deprem an\u0131nda yataklar\u0131n yan\u0131nda yere uzanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sal\u0131k veren bir uyar\u0131 notunu odalarda her kap\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131na asarlarsa depremlerde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck hayatta kalma oranlar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5) Televizyon izlerken deprem olursa ve kolayca kap\u0131dan veya pencereden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 ka\u00e7mak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, kanepe veya b\u00fcy\u00fck bir koltu\u011fun\/sandalyenin yan\u0131nda cenin pozisyonunda k\u0131vr\u0131larak yere uzan\u0131n..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6) Bina \u00e7\u00f6kerken Kap\u0131 kiri\u015flerinin alt\u0131na ge\u00e7en herkes \u00f6l\u00fcr\u2026 Nas\u0131l m\u0131?<br>E\u011fer kap\u0131 kiri\u015flerinin alt\u0131na ge\u00e7erseniz ve kap\u0131 kiri\u015fi \u00f6ne veya arkaya do\u011fru d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrse inen tavan\u0131n alt\u0131nda ezilirsiniz. E\u011fer kap\u0131 kiri\u015fi yana do\u011fru y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131rsa ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Her iki durumda da \u00f6l\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7) Hi\u00e7bir zaman merdivenlere gitmeyin\/y\u00f6nelmeyin. Merdivenler (ana binadan) farkl\u0131 bir \u2018frekans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u2019 sahiptir; ana binadan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z\/ayr\u0131 olarak sars\u0131l\u0131rlar. Merdivenler ve binan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 devaml\u0131 olarak birbirlerine \u00e7arparlar, ta ki merdivenlerin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fene kadar. Merdivenlere ula\u015fan insanlar basamaklar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yaralan\u0131rlar. Korkun\u00e7 \u015fekilde sakatlan\u0131rlar. Bina y\u0131k\u0131lmasa dahi, merdivenlerden uzak durun. Merdivenler binan\u0131n hasar g\u00f6rmesi en muhtemel k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. Depremde y\u0131k\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsa dahi, merdivenler ba\u011f\u0131rarak ka\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan insanlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklenmesi ile \u00e7\u00f6kebilir. Merdivenler binan\u0131n geri kalan k\u0131sm\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rmemi\u015f olsa dahi her zaman g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kontrolden ge\u00e7irilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8) Binan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f duvarlar\u0131na yak\u0131n yerlerde durun, m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n. Binan\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndansa d\u0131\u015f k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na yak\u0131n yerlerde olmak \u00e7ok daha iyidir. Binan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f \u00e7evresinden ne kadar i\u00e7eride olursan\u0131z, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolunuzun kapanma ihtimali o kadar artacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9) Aynen Nimitz yolundaki katlar aras\u0131ndaki (y\u0131k\u0131lan) bloklar\u0131n meydana getirdi\u011fi gibi, deprem an\u0131nda \u00fcst yolun y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla ezilen ara\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulunan insanlar ezilirler. San Fransisco depreminin kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131n hepsi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7indeydiler. Hepsi \u00f6ld\u00fc. Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, arac\u0131n yan\u0131na uzan\u0131p veya oturarak kolayl\u0131kla hayatta kalabilirlerdi. \u00d6len herkes e\u011fer ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na oturabilseler veya uzanabilselerdi ya\u015f\u0131yor olabilirdi. Ezilen b\u00fct\u00fcn ara\u00e7lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda-kolonlar\u0131n direkt olarak \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ara\u00e7lar hari\u00e7- 3 feet y\u00fckseklikte bo\u015fluklar olu\u015fmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10) Enkaz halindeki gazete ofislerini ve \u00e7ok miktarda ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n oldu\u011fu ofisleri dola\u015f\u0131rken ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \/ ezilmedi\u011fini ke\u015ffettim. Ka\u011f\u0131t y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n\/k\u00fcmelerinin etraf\u0131nda geni\u015f bo\u015fluklar bulunur\/olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Amerikan Uluslararas\u0131 Kurtarma ekibinin Kurtarma \u015fefi ve afet olaylar\u0131 m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Doug Copp. Bu makalede deprem an\u0131nda hayat kurtaracak y\u00f6ntemleri a\u00e7\u0131klamakta.\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":112,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,25],"tags":[12,11],"class_list":{"0":"post-39","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-bilim","8":"category-mimari","9":"tag-bilim","10":"tag-mimari"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istihbarat.club\/vitrin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}